Even into their
60s, many women are unhappy with their
weight and body shape, and a small percentage
suffer from full-blown eating disorders,
a new study suggests.
Though anorexia, bulimia and other eating
disorders are mainly problems of young
women, there has been some evidence that
body-image issues and eating disorders
also affect women in middle-age and beyond.
In the new study, Austrian researchers
found that among 475 women 60 to 70 years
old, 60 percent said they were dissatisfied
with their bodies. Moreover, 4 percent
met the criteria for an eating disorder
diagnosis.
For most of these women, the diagnosis
was "eating disorder-not otherwise specified"
-- where a person has eating disorder
symptoms but does not meet all the criteria
for anorexia or bulimia.
People with this diagnosis may, for example,
have symptoms of anorexia but weigh in
the normal range. Or they may purge by
vomiting or abuse laxatives, but not binge-eat,
as in bulimia.
It may surprise many people that older
women can suffer from eating disorders,
as even doctors are largely unaware of
the problem, according to Dr. Barbara
Mangweth-Matzek, the study's lead author
and a professor at Innsbruck Medical University.
That's because there's been virtually
no research into the body-image and eating
disturbances of older women, she stated.
For their study, published in International
Journal of Eating Disorders, Mangweth-Matzek
and her colleagues surveyed a random sample
of older women regarding their eating
habits, body image and any eating disorder
symptoms.
Overall, the study found, more than 60
percent of the women were at least somewhat
dissatisfied with their bodies -- including
more than one-third of those who were
in the normal weight range.
Almost 90 percent said they "felt" fat
to some degree.
Findings like these support the idea
that once a woman wants to attain a slim
ideal that feeling doesn't go away with
age, according to Mangweth-Matzek.
Even as we grow older, she noted, "ideals,
wishes, preferences stay the same."
For 18 women in the study -- or roughly
4 percent -- the distortions in body image
and eating habits were severe enough to
signal an eating disorder. Another 4 percent
had a single eating disorder symptom,
most often binge-eating or use of laxatives
or diuretics to lose weight.
It can be challenging to recognize an
eating disorder in older women, according
to Mangweth-Matzek, as appetite changes
and weight loss can arise from various
illnesses common among older adults.
And while only a small number of these
women would be expected to have an eating
disorder, she said, more research is needed
to understand the true prevalence of the
problem, and how to address it.
SOURCE: International Journal of Eating
Disorders, November 2006.